requestId:684c3e4f944da7.20624726.
The form and its evolution of pre-Qin tribute concept
Author: Cheng Shouyong (produced by Huaiyang Teacher Fan Academy)
Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” 2021 Issue 1
Abstract: In addition to the changes in the times, the differences in traditional tribute civilizations also focus on the subject and on the different meaning level. From the font source, Rong Le Zhao shows a desire to preserve civilization. The gifts in the pre-Qin thinking world present the meanings on the three layers of the text of gifts, the feelings of gifts and the foundation of gifts. Confucianism has been developed in history, and has repeatedly highlighted the “way of combining inside and outside” that is construed in the relationship between these three and one. The evolution of the pre-Qin tribute differences and conceptual forms was not only an advancement and deepening of the pre-Qin Confucian cognition of gifts, but also a response to the pre-Qin essay criticizing Confucianism’s advocate of gifts. The distinction between the text of gifts, the feelings of gifts and the foundation of gifts also provides a guide for our understanding of traditional civilization.
Keywords: gift; career gift; romantic gift; original gift; ways of fitting inside and outside;
As the “gift” of the “index” of traditional civilization, it is accompanied by the changes in modern society and retreats in daily life. Although there are many scholars who advocate “gifts” as mentioned in the Han civilization tradition, in the current social landscape, it is more like Chen Lie’s products in the “Museum” to satisfy people’s thoughts on the past and wonders. In the social understanding of the common situation, the gift civilization, as a traditional method of life, has no connection with the current life subject; and the gift governance, as the “eternal sorrow” [1], has been often criticized in the modern Chinese society, and has become an object of the public suppression of those who are more unrestrained in their admiration. However, if a scholar points out when evaluating political concepts, “the concept has different meanings for people with disagreements” [2], when using similar language, follow the “preview” that each cannot prevent, he will always use his divergence or unconsciously. At that time, people’s understanding and understanding of traditional gifts also lay many views on a common concept. In response, many criticisms and foundations were laid. The female college student care club was based on a “familiar and common” concept. Following this, it is often difficult to dispel the “scarecrow”‘s reputation by criticizing “grattes”, that is, there is no difference between the content of the criticism and the real object of the criticism. Peng Lin once analyzed the differences in the connotation of the gifts as the lyrics, pointing out that “discussing the modern Chinese gifts cannot be as simple as doing things.” [3] This article sorts out the differences and implications of the “gift” concept in the pre-Qin thinking world to understand the merit of gift and its internal evolution.
1. Gift Sources
As the existing literature research results, the gifts are inseparable from the prestigious activities of worshiping the divine spirit. In his article “The Gift”, Wang Guowei pointed out that the word “未” in oracle bone inscriptions originally meant that two strings of jade were used to hold utensils to worship the spirit of gods, and later it also meant that he used wine to honor the spirit of gods. The leaves, which were later called “未” stone, were hurt by netizens and were powerless. Refers to all things that pay homage to the gods. 【4】Wang’s theory has laid the foundation for the assessment ceremony in a large way, and most mathematicians have differences in following this. Xu Hui pointed out from the process of thinking and development, “Therefore, the word ‘英’ comes from the word ‘英’, but if it fails, the word ‘英’ is the ancient word ‘英’. Because from ‘英’ to ‘英’, there must be a period of development in the middle.” [5] However, the difference between “英” and “英” does not mean that the relationship between the two is not inconsistent. Although students have different views on the concept of “gift”, they can gain common understanding in the meaning of “serving God and even blessings” (“Speaking Wen Jiezi”). [6]
As a civilization phenomenon, music is produced earlier than words in various civilizations and often appears at the same time as dancing. “Music is seen closely as dancing and sings at the lowest stage of civilization. Dancing without music accompaniment is rarely seen in primitive tribes, and it is also like among civilized people.” [7] Frante also pointed out: “Just like language and songs are not the same, dancing and music are also inseparable mother bodies.” [8] Since the beginning of the Chinese civilization, the phenomenon of civilization accompanied by music and dancing is the unity of gifts. This kind of unity can be said to be first manifested from the relationship between the two. Guo Moruo believed that the lower right part of the ancient character “Ruan” should be the initial text of “王”, that is, the character “gu”. Qiu Xigui pointed out in a step further that the word “王” on the right side of the character “花” should be from “王” to “王”, “is originally the name of a drum”, and as the musical instrument “the earliest generation of drums.” [9] Lin Chan pushed the truth because “is that jade and drum are commonly used in modern gifts….Modern gift activities are represented by treasures and bell drums.” [10] From the perspective of mobile texts, drums have become representatives of gifts, which are closely related to drums and music. “Traditional Notes·Study Notes” says: “The drum is not in the five voices, and the five voices cannot achieve harmony” reveals some news. Although the drum cannot determine the specific pitch (palace, Shang, Jiao, Zi, Yu), it is neither palace nor Shang, but “the five sounds cannot be tidy, and there is no harmony.” [11] In other words, without the drum as a rhythm to adjust the pitch of the difference, there will be no harmonious music. Therefore, Xunzi called: “The drum is the king of joy.” (“Xunzi·Lexiu”) This should be one of the reasons why Xu Shen described “lexiu drum” in “Shiwenjiezi”. These literary research results undoubtedly remind us to pay attention to the secret relationship of gifts. Donghan Zheng Xuan once said: “Everyone uses itThere must be gifts when you have joy, but there will be people who cannot enjoy joy when you use gifts. ”【12】 In the pre-Qin thinking world, gifts and joy present the direction of “gifts should be used” (“Travels·Loves”), and it is undoubtedly true that in the career world presented in late texts, gifts are used as a whole to exert their influence.Braining women Although the ancients often called the traditional Chinese gift civilization by gifts, most of them did not ignore the unity of gifts. The reason why these two can be consolidated The essence of the first is that the characteristics of the gift itself are “integrated inside and outside”. Although the above statement is analyzed, it does not leave the realm of the two. The one-piece relationship of the gift has experienced a process from self-development to self-development, which inherently clearly shows that human civilization has longed for The gods on this shore have achieved a fantasy preservation method through gifts in reality.
2. The three forms and their relationships of gifts
Huang Kan once pointed out that “there is a gift, a gift, and a gift.” The “gift meaning” refers to the basis and meaning of the contract; “gift utensil” means the name and instrument used for the ceremony; and “gift text” refers to the “details of the text”, which means the fertility of the things used during the ceremony, the complexity of the gifts, and the ups and downs of the gifts, etc. [博官网13] For the analysis of “le”, some scholars divide “le” into “le” from the “instrument” and “text” layer. The former refers to the “material bearing of sound and sound”. “, in the later period of business, it has a high pressure and often works overtime. It refers to “the specific structure of sound”, among which “the instrument and the ‘text’ should also contain content such as dance tools and dancing shapes”14. Some students divide traditional music into elegant music in terms of function, [15], and gifts are the same as vulgarity. Music for music used in halls and memorial halls.
Scholars have noticed the richness of “gift” and “gift” and the level of concepts. In terms of clarifying the differences in the aspects of gifts, we believe that it should be a gift. In traditional considerations, we should not only analyze the meaning of the different aspe
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